The primary trade union organization is a special community of members of one trade union, which is organized exclusively on a voluntary basis. As a rule, all its members work in the same company or institution. Moreover, the form of ownership of the company does not matter.
About the primary trade union organization
Most importantly, the primary trade union organization operates on the basis of the charter. It is adopted by a majority vote of its members. If initially the organization is small, then it can be guided by the general provision developed for the primary trade union organizations belonging to the corresponding trade union. For example, a union of teachers or health workers.
The definition of the primary trade union organization is contained in the federal law regulating its activities. It was adopted back in 1995 and regulates the work of trade unions, defining their guarantees and rights.
From the history of trade unions
In our country, the formation of trade unions was not officially allowed until the very end of the 19th century. There were only mutual assistance cash desks, in which there were very few members.
Only at the beginning of the 20th century mining associations began to form. Since the 1890s, illegal labor unions began to arise throughout Russia. They appeared in St. Petersburg, Moscow, the Northwest Territory.
Only in 1901, on the initiative of Zubatov, the first legal labor unions began to form in two capitals, which were given permission by the authorities.
In 1904, in St. Petersburg, Priest Gapon organized the “Assembly of Russian Factory Workers,” which was closed after organizing a mass uncoordinated procession in 1905, which ended with the shooting of demonstrators.
In the Soviet Union, the bodies of the primary trade union organization occupied an important place in large enterprises and organizations. Only by joining it, one could receive various privileges. For example, trips to suburban summer camps for children and the like.
In modern Russia, about twenty million people are unionized. Today there are more than 120 affiliates.
Position
The regulation on the primary trade union organization was established at a special meeting of the Central Committee of Trade Unions in 2009. This position is necessary for the fruitful and effective work of the "primary organizations", as they are also called in everyday life.
In particular, it defines the purpose of the existence of the primary organization of trade unions, the rights and obligations of members, bodies and their structure, the regulation of the financial component and the procedure for disposing of property, cases of termination of activity, reorganization and liquidation of primary organizations.
It is important to remember that the “primary” is an association of members of a particular trade union who work in one institution. Suppose the primary trade union organization of a school unites members of the union of educators who teach at a particular educational institution. Unlike the trade union, the primary organization does not have to have a charter; a provision is sufficient in which all procedural issues are spelled out in detail.
The main functions of the primary organization is to negotiate with management on behalf of the team in order to improve working conditions and the situation of employees, and resolve pre-trial labor disputes. Members of this trade union have the legal right to require their superiors to provide them with a separate room or office for organizing meetings and meetings, as well as storing documents.
Should trade union opinion be taken into account?
The opinion of the primary trade union organization is taken into account without fail. This is legally enshrined in the Labor Code, which contains the relevant article. For example, a union has a direct impact on the ambiguous dismissal of an employee, which occurs on the initiative of the employer.
If union members do not agree with the reasons for dismissing an employee, they initiate a meeting with the employer. Further negotiations are held, as well as preliminary consultations, which should be recorded. If no general agreement has been reached, the employer may decide to dismiss unilaterally. And the union has the right to appeal it to the state labor inspectorate, already seeking the truth there.
Work organization
The organization of work of the primary trade union organization includes several stages. At the initial stage, it is necessary to organize a framework in which to include faithful like-minded people.
As a rule, a work plan is created that must be followed throughout the entire predefined time period. It includes the interaction of the trade union committee with the employer on a wide range of issues, from disputes to the development of measures and proposals for social support for employees.
If necessary, new tariffs and possible changes in the work schedule are discussed. In the modern world, trade union organizations pay great attention to mass work with the labor collective. By the way, the management of the company often helps them in this, if they realize that it will have a favorable effect on the internal climate and will serve as an incentive to increase efficiency.
Therefore, it is not uncommon today for trade unions to organize interdepartmental sports events, corporate parties in the fresh air, and jointly hold important holidays, such as the New Year or the company's anniversary.
So the situation in the team depends on the careful organization of the work of the trade union organization. This should not be forgotten.
Organization Forms
There are several basic forms of organization of the primary trade union organization. It is worth noting that the clearest structure was during the Soviet Union. In the "primary" stand out management and control. They organized trade union meetings, established an audit commission. They included the presidium and the trade union committee.
There were also guild trade union organizations in which there were control units, such as guild committees.
The composition of these shop committees included professional groups, each of which had its own governing bodies. And finally, about ten various commissions were established in each individual primary organization. For example, in mass production, organizational work, labor standards, insurance, social assistance - work among women and youth.
Chairman of the primary organizations
An important role in this structure is played by the chairman of the primary trade union organization. It is immediately worth noting that this work is not simple and responsible. It is to the chairman that people often come up with their problems and aspirations. Taking on the leadership function, you have to play the role of a kind of buffer between the team and management. At the same time, protecting labor rights, one must not forget about observing social guarantees and high-quality collective leisure. This is also expected by colleagues from each chairman of the trade union committee.
It is necessary to start work by holding a meeting with the work team. Moreover, it is best to invite not only members of the union, but all employees so that they know about the methods and methods of your work.If the organization is too large, for example, consists of several workshops scattered throughout the city, then you can organize several meetings - in each workshop, in each unit. You can appoint workshop chairmen with whom it will be convenient to interact.
It is very important at this meeting to find out the mood in the team, to identify the most acute and problematic moments, to decide in which direction to work in the near future. Having collected all the proposals, they need to be carefully studied and analyzed.
Chairman's Tasks
The chairman of the primary trade union organization has many important functions that only he can perform. He is charged with organizing the implementation of all decisions taken at the trade union meeting. He may submit to the union various proposals for the election or dismissal of his deputies and other union employees.
It is the chairman who sends the appeals and petitions to the company's management, as well as to the competent authorities, in the case when problems cannot be solved within the enterprise.
The chairman has the function of distributing responsibilities among other members of the primary organization. In his position, he is nominated as a delegate to trade union conferences, and must also promptly inform the head of the trade union about all important events occurring within the primary organization.
How to create a "primary"?
In order to create a primary trade union organization in your work collective, you need to know about the conditions that will need to be observed. Consider these steps in as much detail as possible.
First you need to bring together at least three people, employees of one organization, who would express a voluntary desire to join a union and create an appropriate trade union organization.
After that, you need to clearly determine which trade union or territorial association should include your primary organization. Most often this is done on an industry basis.
Next, you should begin negotiations with the leaders of the territorial organization of the relevant branch trade union, as well as familiarize yourself with the provision on the creation of the primary organization. After all, it is on the basis of this document that the organization will operate.
In order for everything to be formalized by law, it is necessary to hold a constituent assembly. At it, consider and decide on the following issues: organization of the primary trade union organization, election of the chairman, as well as the composition of the trade union committee, determine the composition of the audit commission. To solve the important issue of the legal capacity of the trade union organization and the methods and procedure for paying the necessary contributions.
When preparing for the constituent assembly, the time and place of its holding must be taken into account. It must be remembered that a meeting can be organized outside the place of work and after hours. An employer may be present at the meeting, but this is not required. The presence of employees of the leading branch trade union organization is desirable.
Those participants who decide to join the union write a statement stating the size and procedure for paying membership dues.
The holding of the constituent assembly must be accompanied by the maintenance of the relevant protocol, which must necessarily reflect: the place where the meeting was held, its date, information about the founders, whose presence at this meeting is mandatory. The protocol contains the main issues that were discussed at the meeting and on which positive decisions were made. The minutes are assured by the chairman and the secretary.
After the meeting, all constituent documents, including the protocol, must be sent to the territorial organization of the industry profile to which your primary organization belongs. There it is registered and registered.
It is important to send an official notice to the employer that a primary trade union organization has appeared at the enterprise, that it has passed the registration procedure with the branch territorial body. Together with this document, the employer must receive a statement on withholding union membership dues from wages and transferring them to the official account of the union.
If all these conventions are observed, then your trade union organization will be officially recognized and will be able to solve difficult labor issues.
Work report
One of the responsibilities of the primary organization is to submit reports on its activities. This is a requirement that everyone needs to fulfill. The statistical report of the primary trade union organization must necessarily contain the name of the trade union and its “primary organizations”, legal and actual address, last name, first name and patronymic of the chairman of the organization.
The report is submitted in several ways. The number of new members in the union is calculated. It is necessary to provide information on the total number of employees at the enterprise, as well as how many of them are members of the union. Also, in the report of the primary trade union organization, special attention is paid to the staff and the union's activeness, outlines how retraining of employees is organized, how their professional qualifications are improved. The main tasks of the primary organizations are listed.
The reports of the primary trade union organizations pay attention to the social benefits that employees took advantage of, as well as new promising projects for the future.